Crimes and Misdemeanors Essay

â€Å"Crimes and Misdemeanors† Woody Allen’s, â€Å"Crimes and Misdemeanors†, film paints a realistic picture of the real world in which we all live. His film brilliantly portrays the lives of how a large amount of people across this globe live their own life and does not attempt to â€Å"sugarcoat† any event that occurs in the movie; he merely tells it how it is and provides information for what people should expect in todays world. Allen takes on the issue of the human races’ true beliefs of morality and what actually happens in he real world, in contrast to what typically takes place in movies. Allen transpires different events throughout his movie that create a lingering question for his audience on the thoughts of morality in a â€Å"godless† community. Adultery, lies, and murder were only a small sum of the crimes that were committed in Allen’s movie. However, the question becomes how the characters reacted to their own acts of immorality. The most in depth storyline in this movie was that of Judah Rosenthal, who comes to the conclusion that in a world devoid of godly resence, all acts are permissible, even adultery and murder. Once a person erases their belief on certain morals and values, it is much easier for them to erase crimes or immoral acts they have committed from their mind as being immoral. Judah does an extraordinary Job at showing this in the movie when he finds out that someone else was arrested for the murder of Dolores; he automatically knew he was off the hook and made himself believe he did no wrong. By doing this he was capable of going on and living his life. Another main character in Allen’s movie, was one layed by him himself. Throughout the movie Cliff embarked on new ideas and experiences because they were his passion and what he believed, however at the end of the movie we watch as Cliff loses everything he believed in from his love, his career, and his family. Many may question why Cliff would lose everything if he had so many good strong beliefs and how Judah can move on with his life even after being involved in a murder. However, the answer according to this movie is simple. We as the human race, define ourselves by our choices, with the absence of god. In he issue concerning Cliff losing everything he believed in, it wasn’t necessarily a punishment, but in all actuality shows how it can be relevant to real life. Not all times, does a person with good morals get what they want. In addition, Judah was going to move on with his life no matter if he had a religious background or not. Judah saw the world as, once God is gone all things are permissible, which shows his true morals and values as a person. His character depicts the life of one who has done wrong and escaped punishment in their life at some point, which again can be pplied to the real world on a daily basis. Regarding the different situations that occur all across this movie, it is shown that there can be a sense of morality in our world without the belief of a certain religion. This movie portrays many types of religious beliefs within the characters and then goes on to show that even people who do not necessarily believe in God, still have morals they might Just value certain areas more than others. God is essentially a the absence of god, anything anyone wants to make permissible to their own self can be made permissible.

Are Formal and Semi Formal Financial Institution Partnerships a Viable Option for Serving the Underserved in India

Are formal and semi formal financial institution partnerships a viable option for serving the underserved in India Xavier Institute of Management Bhubaneswar 10/6/2010 Indu Paramita Mahapatra and Malay Harsh The essay tries to identify the potential problems with financial sector and does a gap analysis that leads to potential opportunities in the sector.It also takes a look at the challenges faced by the different financial institutions, the goals achieved, the targets to be achieved and how the partnership between the different formal and semi formal institutions can create a synergy for serving the underserved of the country. Introduction: The reach and availability of finances determine the growth and development of any enterprise. Then how could the development of a nation be any different from it?It must be duly noted that majority of the country’s populace is out of the purview of the financial services which means more than half of our nation lacks access to savings an d credit facilities among other financial securities and services such as investment options and insurance policies. Where we the urban literati state ourselves to be heavily hassled by the innumerable calls and emails trying to sell us a loan or investment options, these very same options are visibly amiss in the large rural pockets, places where they might be actually be needed.The fact is, there is a gap between the financial services needed and what is available. Problem With financial services in India: Current scenario India’s Economy Growth rate has been around 8. 5% – 9% (last 5 years). Our growth primarily has been in the industry & services sector which has grown by about 16. 8 percent. Even though agriculture is the principal means of livelihood for over 58. 4% of  India's population, the growth in this sector is limited to around 2. 8%.Of the many factors that attribute to poor growth in agriculture, a major reason is lack of access to proper finance. Limited access to savings, loans, remittance ;amp; insurance in rural/ unorganized sector are major constraints to agricultural and SME growth. Financial access enlarges livelihood opportunity ;amp; empowers the poor. And empowerment in turn aids socio-political stability. Financial inclusion provides formal identity, access to payments system ;amp; deposit insurance.Types of Financial Exclusion: (i) exclusion from payment system: not having access to bank accounts (ii) exclusion from formal credit markets leading to approaching informal/ exploitative markets The marginal farmers, the landless labour, the self employed, the unorganized sector, urban slum dwellers, migrants, ethnic minorities, socially excluded groups, senior citizens and women are often not covered under the financial services. The North Eastern Region and the eastern ;amp; central regions are most excluded. Financial Inclusion and RBI’s role:For the past few years one of the important new objectives of the Reserve Bank of  India  has been financial inclusion. Financial inclusion  is the delivery of financial services at affordable costs to vast sections of disadvantaged and low income groups. Unrestrained access to public goods and services is the sine qua non of an open and efficient society. It is argued that as banking services are in the nature of public good, it is essential that availability of banking and payment services to the entire population without discrimination is the prime objective of public policy.The movement towards financial inclusion rose to a crescendo in the current year, partly because of the Platinum Jubilee Celebration of RBI and partly because the demand for financial inclusion has become a national and a governmental imperative. According to Annual Policy Statement of RBI, 2004-05 â€Å"†¦banks should be obliged to provide banking services to all segments of population on equitable basis. † In 2005 RBI advised banks to provide basic bank â€Å"no frills† accounts with low or minimum balance/ charges so as to expand anking outreach to larger sections of society. KYC principles were simplified to open accounts for customers in rural ;amp; urban areas for people intending to open accounts with annual deposits of less than Rs. 50,000. General purpose Credit Card (GCC) facility was available up to Rs. 25000 at rural ;amp; urban branches . Revolving credit was encouraged and withdrawal up to limit sanctioned was based on household cash flows . No security or collateral was needed for the same. Interest rates were deregulated.In January 2006 banks were allowed to use services of NGOs, SHGs, micro finance institutions, civil society organizations as business facilitators/ correspondents (BC) for extending banking services. BCs were allowed to do â€Å"cash in-cash out† transactions at BC locations ;amp; branchless banking. Pilots were set up to provide credit counseling and financial education. In June 2007, R BI launched multilingual website in 13 Indian languages providing information on banking services.For the financial inclusion drive, in identified districts, survey was conducted based on electoral rolls, public distribution system etc to identify households with no bank accounts. Banks were required to open at least one account per house. Mass media was deployed for awareness/ publicity. Bank staff/ NGOs/ volunteers took ration cards/ Electoral ID/ photos for fulfilling KYC norms ;amp; opening accounts. The different financial institutions and their roles:The government institutions fuelling the growth in the financial sector for the purpose of extending the banking services to the underserved in India are Regional Rural Banks, Primary Agricultural Credit Societies, LAMPs, Commercial Credit Co-operative Societies, State Cooperative banks and Commercial banks. But then the entire system of lending must be self sustaining. Most of the above agencies are loss making units and need to be supported by the government with seed funds. The wide availability of such units extends the outreach of governments financial benefits to the large rural population.The commercial banks try and keep themselves distant from extending their financial services of credit, savings etc to the villages owing largely to the heavy cost of operation and servicing in the deep pockets and would rather cough up the penalty imposed on them by the Reserve bank of India for not meeting credit targets set for Priority sector lending. The cost of reaching the customer unto itself is too high and added to that is the high cost of transaction and servicing of small ticket loans and to top it all there is a high default rate on such loans issued.On the contrary the Non banking financial service companies operate on a much lean structure. The models on which the financial service extension is operating these days is constantly evolving into more and more innovative structures. Unlike the banks, the M FIs may furnish loans without collaterals or security deposits as they have exercise a social obligation on the loan applicant to repay the loans on time. As the loans are issued only through SHGs or JLGs, the liability of each loan rests entirely on the shoulders of the entire group and not just the individual.Thus the ticket size of the loans increase in size and cost of servicing the loans also gets appropriated. The NBFCs and MFI also sell out their loans to the Commercial banks who finance them thus ensuring that the commercial banks also end up meeting their target of priority sector loans that too at a profitable scale. The role played by the NGOs is also worth mentioning when we talk about the financial services in the rural pockets. There has been a rise in the number of SHGs owing to the capacity building and awareness activities taken up by the NGOs.The SHGs are informal bodies formed by the coming together of a homogenous group of people (preferably women) such groups ac tively promote mandatory savings among their members. From the funds collected loans are issued at nominal rates to its group members while loans can be sought for livelihood purposes largely, loans may also be sought for consumption needs. The SHGs are also trained for developing enterprises and businesses to fuel their growths. The other tangential benefits of women’s SHGs are the increase of social status and say a woman has in the communityPartnership of banks with organisations like â€Å"A Little World† and â€Å"FINO† has been a groundbreaking innovation where the above organisations in partnership with the banks extend no frills bank accounts to the rural areas and their people. The benefit is two pronged. It must be noted that the cost per transaction incurred per transaction on a bank teller amounts to roughly $1. 07 USD, while the cost of transaction per ATM transaction costs the bank around $0. 27 USD. The costs are prohibitively high for a commercia l bank to operate on lower ticket size transactions and hence can’t enter the rural market directly.The partnership models that FINO and ALW have adopted ensure that the underserved get access to the banking services by means of innovative rural ATMs that are all but hand held devices operated by either a village person or their own employee. The costs of such operations are low due to the absence of infrastructure needs. The above organisations take a cut from the account opening fee and a certain fee for operations costs. Goals achieved by the financial drive: No frills accounts: 6 million new â€Å"no frills† accounts were added between March 2006 ;amp; 2007.About 45000 rural ;amp; semi-urban branches of Regional rural banks (RRBs) ;amp; Public Sector Banks (PSBs) showed highest performance after the drive. SHG-Bank linkage: Access to banking system was provided through SHGs (groups pooling savings ;amp; providing loans to members). National Bank for Agricultural an d Rural Development (NABARD) extended support in group formation, linking with banks, and promoting best practices. As a result, the recovery was excellent – 2. 6 million SHGs were linked to banks touching 40 million households. SHGs were given loans by banks against group guarantees (Joint liabilities).With smaller loan sizes and reasonable rates of interest, SHGs were encouraged to take loans for consumption and to set up smaller business initiatives. IT Solutions: IT solutions were essential for doorstep banking. Pilot projects were started by SBI using smart cards for opening a/c with bio-metric identification. The smart cards were linked to mobile/ hand held connectivity devices to ensure transactions were recorded in banks’ books on real time basis. State governments started making pension ;amp; other payments under NREGS through smart cards. Other financial services (low cost remittances, insurance) were also provided through cards.IT solutions enabled large tra nsactions like processing, credit scoring, credit record ;amp; follow up etc. Role of Government: Some state governments played a proactive role by issuing identity cards for a/c opening, through awareness campaigns by district/ block level officials. Financial literacy drives were conducted and India Post was roped in as BCs. FM’s Budget Speech 2007-08 allocated a budget of $125 mn each to 2 funds (i) Financial Inclusion Fund for developmental/promotional work (ii) Financial Inclusion Technology Fund for technology adoption/innovation Challenges FacedWith the rates of interest being high the customer is sometimes still apprehensive in approaching for credit, as the poor do not have collateral to offer and are hence not always eligible to loans from govt. banks. The stronghold of the money lenders too is very strong as the loan servicing time of a money lender is very low and can be furnished at any hour of the day. Imposition of rate restrictions by the government may also r ender MFI businesses inefficient owing to high operations cost and defaults, the govt. Promotes defaulting each time there is a loan waiver issued by it.Such actions promote defaulting nature amongst the farmers. There is a disinterest of the rural population in taking insurance policies as there is no understanding of the same in the large rural pockets. The seasonality of the crops and harvest too impose a challenge to the lending and repayments to the financial institutions. Way forward: There’s a need to link the impact of the financial institution to the 8 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). The impact analysis can be done by evaluating how far the financial institutions have been effective in contributing, directly and indirectly, to all the eight MDGs.Microfinance contributes to improving income and reducing hunger (MDG 1), providing children school education and training (MDG 2), and paying for health services (MDG 4 – 6). The main beneficiaries of microfinanc e services are women, so financial institutions contribution to women's empowerment and gender equality (MDG 3) can be studied. As for the environment (MDG 7), financial institutions are increasingly combining environmental programs with their financial services, although the contribution may be indirect.For MDG 8, since Target 12 calls for the development of open, rule-based, non-discriminatory financial systems, the expansion of financial programs themselves is the achievement of MDG 8. Hence the future of financial outreach lies on the synergy of formal and semiformal institutions to bring about a positive change. References: 1. http://timesofindia. indiatimes. com/business/india-business/Highest-industrial-growth-recorded-in-20-yrs-at-168/articleshow/5566436. cms 2. India. gov. in/sectors/agriculture/index. php 3. http://www. tradingeconomics. com/Economics/GDP-Growth. aspx? Symbol=INR 4.Financial Inclusion :Perspective of Reserve Bank of India,MK Samantray, RBI Guwahati 5. http ://banking. senate. gov/97_07hrg/072997/charts/chart01. pdf 6. http://www. nabard. org/ 7. Finance Minister's Budget Speech, http://www. rediff. com/money/2008/feb/29budget38. htm 8. Montgomery, H. 2005. Meeting the Double Bottom Line – The Impact of Khushhali Bank’s 9. Microfinance Program in Pakistan. Tokyo: ADBI. ——————————————– [ 2 ]. http://timesofindia. indiatimes. com/business/india-business/Highest-industrial-growth-recorded-in-20-yrs-at-168/articleshow/5566436. ms [ 3 ]. India. gov. in/sectors/agriculture/index. php [ 4 ]. http://www. tradingeconomics. com/Economics/GDP-Growth. aspx? Symbol=INR [ 5 ]. Financial Inclusion :Perspective of Reserve Bank of India,MK Samantray, RBI Guwahati [ 6 ]. http://banking. senate. gov/97_07hrg/072997/charts/chart01. pdf [ 7 ]. Financial Inclusion :Perspective of Reserve Bank of India,MK Samantray, RBI Guwahati [ 8 ]. http: //www. nabard. org/ [ 9 ]. Finance Minister's Budget Speech, http://www. rediff. com/money/2008/feb/29budget38. htm [ 10 ]. Montgomery, H.

Primark

Primark: An Overview Primark Stores Limited is an Irish clothing retailer. Its stores are located in various regions like United Kingdom, Ireland, and Spain. Within this area of responsibility, Primark stores outnumbered other clothing retailer business, with one hundred sixty one stores overall distributed in three major regions: one hundred twenty-five in the United Kingdom, thirty-four in Ireland and eight in Spain. The company positions itself as marketing fashionable at cutthroat prices. The original clothing store was established by Arthur Ryan and his collaborator Micaela Mitchell in Dublin Ireland in 1969.After various success in clothing business, great profits and gross income led them to open stores in local and regional areas. It acquired various premises in different business centers within its local and regional areas which eventually generate more profits and income. Primark is known for selling clothes at the budget end of the market. Its success is based on sourcing supply, making clothes with simple designs and fabrics and targets young, fashion-conscious individuals ages 35 below, offering them simple yet high quality clothes and apparels.Hence, these successes brought significant changes on Primark's retail business. The relevance of global trends and consumers' demands on lifestyle made Primark Store Limited reinvent its business scheme and management structure. Primark's management and business structure As a famous clothing retail store, recently, Primark embarks in different retail products not only restricted on manufacturing clothes but also other related products such as apparels and accessories available to all human sizes. Primark employs simple managerial operation on its stores structure.Each store has its own manager responsible in overseeing the status and business operations. With managers' inherent authority, they are given the power and control to manage the store within his/her point of responsibility. Moreover, in smaller o r larger branches, assistant and deputy managers are assigned to control and manage the store. Within the store, there are different subdivided departments in which a manager is assigned like senior department managers and junior department managers who are in charge for individual departments.Moreover, under management, there are supervisors in charge of staff on a sales floor, on different departments like stock room staff, customer service staff, customer service desk, cashiers who work on the tills, cash office staff and staff responsible to look after fitting rooms. This management and business structure posits a simple way of managing human labor force, however, simple it may seem, yet inevitably creates serious problems and issues if and when proper assessment of the structure will be undervalued.Analysis on the internal and external environment of Primark retail industry   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The Primark clothing retail industry is a member of Ethical Trading Initiative, a collaborative forum bringing together businesses to work on labor rights issues in their supply chains. In fact, Primark developed ethical strategy in order to promote labor rights issues within its organization. Certain guidelines and code of conduct must be defined in relation to the ethical implications of work to human labor rights.Primark, initiated and defined its ethical trade strategy in 2006, focusing on assessment of employees working conditions, factories operations' concerns and addressed necessary improvement. Primark's annual report of activity should be passed to the Ethical Trading Initiative Board. Moreover, Primark stands to a principle that shared learning and collaboration is one of the most successful ways to achieve sustained positive progression with its supplier's factories. However, climate change within and outside Primark's environment changes as it faces the challenges posed by the global business market.Using PESTLE and SWOT analysi s, let us examine the ins and outs environment of Primark's retail clothing industry. The PESTLE analysis allows us to examine the external factors affecting the environment of an organization while SWOT analysis aids us to assess organization's internal strengths and weaknesses and further identify threats and opportunities external to its environment. Hence, these methods are helpful for us to understand and underline positive and negative factors affecting the external and internal environment of an organization like Primark.In assessing the political, social, and economic factors external to the environment of Primark, we must consider different issues. Primark's business operations are subject to government policies and regulations. The business firm should conform to the set of policies and regulations stipulated and enforced by the government and policy making body while conforming to the set of regulations and policies, the firm should assume social responsibility as demande d by the global consciousness.Nowadays, business sectors no longer busied themselves to produce bonds of profits and income but deeply involved in social programs to promote social awareness and equality. Cultural and social behaviors of different consumers are important to consider when establishing or venturing business in the global landscape. Furthermore, economic, environment, laws, and technology are inseparable entities in which influence the business operations. The economic stability of certain region can contribute allot to the business condition of certain firm, like Primark.Technology on the other hand, brought a tremendous effect to the status and development of business operations and marketing programs. It generates new trends in a rapid movement, which if organizations are unaware will impede growth and development. Hence, Primark's must constantly assess its strategy with consideration to its PESTLE as external factors that in one way or the other affects its intern al and business operations. Assessing the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of Primark, we go back to its established management or business structure.The need for re-tracking the management or business structure is important in analyzing its SWOT. As to my knowledge upon my encounter with Primark's business operations, its strengths are gained in its simple, systematic and organized business structure, having assigned proper authorities to proper positions. Moreover, its recognition for valuing high quality of products and quality services with its customers garnered more strength to attract more people. On the other hand, Primark's weaknesses can be found in its way of managing people.Although, Primark is a member of Ethical Trade Initiative, study shows given different negative issues concerning its business operations and transactions like child labor, purports less value on ethical matters. Different issues were attacking Primark concerning exploitation and abus e on labor force, other environmental concerns, poor working conditions, and disvaluing workers' rights. Primark in different surveys was labeled as a fashion industry with oppressive regime. The primacy of autocratic and rigidity on standard structures can be a weakness as well as threats to the life of the company.Since, it goes globally, opportunities are in wide array not only on the part of venturing into regions with much income and profit to gain but also an opportunity to share and provide quality products to fashion-conscious people with vogue to fashion lifestyle. Conclusion Given this analysis we come to realize that each organization has its own external and internal problems to handle. The process in which we enable to identify and analyze such problems is by using proper management method of analysis like SWOT and PESTLE. The importance of these methods is squared to the importance of the business itself. Primark Primark stores ltd is a major retail group employing over 10,000 people. A company which has achieved superior performance in recent years is an associated British Foods plc subsidiary called primark. Primark opened its first store in june 1969 in Ireland, where it operates at Penneys. Today it has a total of more than 193 stores operating in Ireland, Spain, UK, the Netherlands, Portugal and Germany and is till aggressively expanding . n the UK, where primark has its maximum numbers of stores. Primark is seconds to Asda’s George in terms of the largest numbers of clothes sold by volume, overtaking established reputed companies such as Marks & Spencer. It is reported that their profits have increased by 10% and sales increased by 20% in the year 2009 even though each of its three main markets were subject to recessionary pressure and a decline in consumer confidence.Primark has won several awards each year since 2005and its most recent awards are â€Å"best budget store on the High Street at the GMTV High Street Fashion awards 2009 (awarded 7th may 2009), Retailer of the year for the second year in succession at the BCSC Gold Awards and Value Retailer of the year at the Drapers Record Awards. Apart from this, primark has also been successful in establishing it brand name. celeberties such as Katie Holmes have been spotted earing its Clothes and they also been featured in one fot eowrlds most premium fashion magazine Vogue.Primark has numerous competitors such as New Look, H&M and TK Maxx although its biggest competitor in the UK is Asda’s clothing brand George. Primark has managed to increase sales and make profits during turbulent economic climate even when well established brands like Next have not been able do so. Primark adopts the â€Å"no frills† strategy which many successful business in other industries like Ryan air have adopted. They describe themselves as having â€Å"a lean business which responds quickly in the market place, h as short lines of management , good buying and excellent distribution†.Furthermore, unlike its competitors, primark specifically targets people under the age of 35. these are the people who are the most fashion conscious. Primark has excellent â€Å"time to market† and it is said that it takes them a maximum of 6 weeks to get the latest trends from the catwalks to the shop floors. Primark has very clearly positioned themselves as being at the absolute bottom end of the market in terms of prices unlike some of its competitors such as Marks and Spencer which have mid range prices.Primark has a clear marketing strategy where it provides the young generation with the trendiest clothes at the lowest prices possible. This is further emphasized by its company slogan â€Å"look good pay less†. †¢ Primark target customer is fashion-conscious and wants value for money. Primark can offer value for money by †¢ Sourcing products efficiently †¢ Making clothes wi th simpler designs †¢ Using local fabrics and trims †¢ Focusing on the most popular sizes †¢ Buying in volume †¢ Not spending heavily on advertisingTask 01 Communication It is a process of exchange of ideas and information between two persons or more through effective way to achieve both general and special purpose. Communication is a key skill in getting what you need from life. It is basically the sending and receiving of messages. [pic] internal communication internal communication is a subset of effective business communication. Internal communication in a business context, is the dialogue process between employees and employer, and employees and employees.

Auditing of Havelock Company Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Auditing of Havelock Company - Research Paper Example The company might be interested in recording such expenses in administrative costs of the company rather than inventory. This will help Havelock achieve the increase in loss and thus claiming tax refunds. Havelock might not be interested in paying taxes to improve its cash flows. Havelock operates in a dynamic industry, which comprises of retail customers as well (Havelock Europa, 2012d). The choices and demands from the customers change very often which may lead to a decline in NRV of the inventory. There is a risk that Havelock may ignore to lower down its inventory valuation to NRV. Though the current ratio of Havelock is 1.4, it is facing liquidity pressures. Payments to the suppliers have also been delayed. The average period of payment to the vendor is 52 days as compared to 36 in 2011 (Havelock Europa, 2012b). The company is under pressure to meet the tough deadlines of the financers on a quarterly basis. In case, it does not pay the interest and principal due, the bank would be entitled to the whole of the principal repayment on an immediate basis (Havelock Europa, 2012e). Due to such pressures, the company has not announced any dividend payments. Amounts on charities have also decreased from  £ 900,000 in 2012 as compared to  £2,443,000 in 2011 (Havelock Europa, 2012b). The company has resorted to additional overdraft facilities in order to meet its liquidity requirements. More credit facilities have been opted for by Havelock (Havelock Europa, 2012d). The fact that the company will increase its production is still remote. It has just entered into an agreement with HP financers to purchase a new plant, which will increase its production by 50% (Havelock Europa, 2012a).  

Charles Chaplin's City Lights Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Charles Chaplin's City Lights - Movie Review Example The present research has identified that â€Å"City Lights† can be categorized as a â€Å"romantic comedy† since Charlie Chaplin’s humor is similar to that of Ben Stiller who more often than not uses physical happenings make his audience burst out in laughter. Even though it is has been categorized in the silent movies, the film City Lights was not entirely a silent movie. Though there is no dialogue, there are sound effects throughout the movie, which includes music, and symbolic sound effects. The starring Charlie Chaplin uses sound to set the environment and comedic moments, rather than using his voice to narrate the story, A perfect example of this technique is depicted immediately after the opening credits when the town mayor is about to preside over the unveiling of a statue and is making his speech, but instead of the viewer hearing the speech, he or she gets what it can be referred to as â€Å"Charlie Brown talk.† The starring puts a word narrative on the screen to make the audience know the purpose of the speech. The script is well written and directed that nothing is lost with the absence of dialogue since the audience understands from the beginning, what goes on in scenes and thus get the comic effects being expressed. Any audience watching this movie for the first time quickly relates to the main characters. This indeed explains the perfectness with which the movie was written and directed since the intended purpose is achieved at the end of the viewing. Charlie Chaplin played a tramp, today the best definition that can suite a tramp is a homeless person. During the Great Depression in the USA, almost a quarter of American works were jobless and many of them struggled to make through the daily life. In regard to this depression, Chaplin is in the same situation and thereby depicts the life which these destitute go through. The film City Lights contain the melodrama, the grace, the effortless physical coordination, the baw diness, the pathos and most important of all the slapstick.

Environmental chemical threat Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Environmental chemical threat - Essay Example Environmental chemical threat Methylmercury can be highly toxic to both human and animals. It is concerned hazardous since it can irritate or damage organs if ingested in amounts that can be considered to be dangerous for the human body. The main source of mercury is air emissions from power generation and other industrial and waste disposal activities, during its movement among the atmosphere , land, and water mercury undergoes a serious of complex chemical transformations. Thus methylmercury is an organic form that is derived from this transformation. As a result sea animals are readily in an environment conducive to ingesting or being exposed to methylmercury. It poses a grave environmental threat since it is not considered to be particularly harmful if ingested in low amounts, however several cases have begged to differ with this notion. Regardless of the ingestion amount found in food consumed that has toxic levels of methylmercury, it cannot be sufficiently be ruled out as a threat that without the needed a ttention could cause undue harm. Methylmercury builds up in the tissues of fish, larger and older fish tend to have the highest levels of mercury. One can gain exposure by eating fish or shellfish that has levels of methylmercury. This is important to note since as of the year 2005, the seafood consumption in America was 16.2 lbs. Some natural and synthetic chemicals in the environment can harm the human nervous system such as the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves. (Miller 243). Methylmercury is known to have caused adverse effects that later on proved to be permanent and this is within proven actual cases. To protect the population against a threat that can be so silent for a long period of time, yet so deadly is the duty of each and every environmentalist. Mercury emissions continue to rise in the environment and this can only mean that it is a growing real threat that should be dealt with accordingly. Women and children are the most vulnerable to methylmercury effects. A recent study by the National Academy of Science concluded that the population at highest risk is the children of women who consume large amounts of fish and seafood during pregnancy, and that the risk to that population is likely to be sufficient to result in an increase in the number of children who have struggle to keep up in school and who might require remedial classes or special education (EPA).Mackerel, sharks, swordfish, and tilefish have high levels of methylmercury. Thus this is a fact that every pregnant woman should be made aware of by their attending obstetrician. Developmental effects caused due to intake of methylmercury can cause cognitive development problems that would result in inadequate development of a child's brain. Methylmercury and metallic mercury vapors are more harmful than other forms, because mercury in these forms reaches the brain (ATSDR). This undoubtedly puts pregnant women at a higher risk of harming their children, and it is possible that seafood is the reason for the increasing number of children born with cognitive development problems. Exposure to high levels of metallic, inorganic or organic mercury can permanently damage the brain, kidneys and developing fetus (ATSDR). Thus the goal is not only to avoid these adverse effects , but to inform pregnant women of the potential risks involved if they ingest seafood. It is highly unlikely

Is there too much localism or not enough in our metropolitan areas Essay

Is there too much localism or not enough in our metropolitan areas today - Essay Example Particularly, the government as representative of the people ought to offer solutions to the problems that are facing its people. As such, the question as to the necessary policy concerning localism and implementation of the same will be featured in this paper. It is hard for some people to make out the difference between Localism and which concepts are involved in the metropolitan area governance. Localism is the belief on the existing system of a greater number of fairly small governments, wielding authority over such serious issues as land use guideline, local levying, and the financial support of the municipal services that ought to be preserved. Regionalism, on the other hand, seems to connote centralization and against the decentralization represented by the localism. America is dominated by metropolitan areas. Regionalism does not only oppose regionalism, but it is localism regional extension. Localism may also be based on the set of row as to the function of the local governments in endorsing the governmental efficiency, democracy and the public (Tam et al., 2002). In the modern metropolitan areas, economic, social and ecological local areas are regularly prevalent. The concerns on the efficiency, democracy and the community should lead to a shift in power from the existing localities and delegate it to the new processes, structures or organization that can support the decision making on behalf of the area. It can, therefore, be concluded that regionalism is the localism of the metropolitan regions. A localism is also a means of protecting the interests of the people who get benefits from the existing government structures (Gregg, 2003). Localism involves the shift of the power from the government to the local governments. The transformation is not only economic, but also social in nature. Localism makes people appreciate and identify with their new neighborhood and their